Aqueous Ammonia: Properties, Uses, and Industrial Importance

Introduction

Aqueous Ammonia, commonly referred to as Liquor Ammonia or Ammonium Hydroxide (NH₄OH), is a widely used industrial chemical with multiple applications across sectors. It is essentially ammonia gas dissolved in water, making it safer to handle while retaining its effectiveness. With UN No. 2672 and CAS Registry No. 1336-21-6, this solution has become an essential input in industries like Rubber and Leather, along with Pharmaceuticals, Textiles, and other manufacturing sectors. Known for its high purity and global acceptance, Aqueous Ammonia is supplied not only across India but also exported to countries like Sri Lanka and Singapore, where demand for industrial-grade chemicals continues to rise.

What Exactly is Aqueous Ammonia?

Aqueous Ammonia, or Aqua Ammonia, is a clear, colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor. Also known as Ammoniacal Liquor, it is created by dissolving ammonia gas in water. This renders it safer to transport and use, as the vapor pressure is greatly reduced compared to anhydrous ammonia gas. It is soluble in water in all proportions and passes identification tests for ammonia as per industry standards. The commonly manufactured concentration is 25% w/w, though it can be customized based on client needs. By reducing the hazards associated with gaseous ammonia, Aqueous Ammonia provides industries with a more convenient and secure option for large-scale operations.

Applications Across Industries

Aqueous Ammonia finds widespread use due to its versatility and chemical properties.

• Rubber Industry: It is used for preserving latex and in various processing stages of natural and synthetic rubber. Its ability to stabilize latex ensures better quality in the production of rubber goods.
• Leather Industry: In leather processing, Aqueous Ammonia plays a role in neutralization, cleaning, and improving the finishing of leather products. It helps maintain softness, flexibility, and durability.
• Pharmaceutical Industry: It is used as a pH adjuster, neutralizing agent, and in certain medicinal formulations.
• Other Industries: Beyond Rubber and Leather, it is utilized in textiles, fertilizers, water treatment, cleaning agents, and as an intermediate in chemical synthesis.

The increasing industrial demand from regions like Sri Lanka and Singapore highlights its importance in global supply chains. Both countries rely on imports of high-quality Ammonium Hydroxide solutions to support their growing industrial sectors.

Safety and Handling

While Aqueous Ammonia is safer than ammonia gas, it must still be handled with care. It is strongly alkaline and requires appropriate protective gear such as gloves, goggles, and proper ventilation during usage. Storage should be in tightly sealed containers made of corrosion-resistant material. Companies handling bulk quantities must adhere to international safety guidelines for transportation and usage to ensure the protection of workers and the environment.

Packaging and Supply

To meet the needs of different industries, Aqueous Ammonia is supplied in a wide range of packaging capacities. Standard options include 5 Lt to 235 Lt HMHDPE plastic containers, 6 MT to 15 MT tankers, and 22 MT ISO tankers for bulk supply. This flexibility allows easy integration into small-scale manufacturing units as well as large industrial plants. Export-ready packaging ensures safe delivery to international markets like Sri Lanka and Singapore, maintaining product integrity throughout transit.

Conclusion

Aqueous Ammonia, or Liquor Ammonia, stands as a critical chemical for multiple industries worldwide. Its role in the Rubber and Leather industries, coupled with growing demand in Sri Lanka and Singapore, underscores its global relevance. Safe to handle, versatile in applications, and available in diverse packaging options, Aqueous Ammonia continues to be a preferred solution for businesses seeking reliability, efficiency, and quality in their industrial processes.